Materiales adsorbentes derivados del carbón para la remoción de colorantes de medios acuosos
Palabras clave:
colorantes, carbón, adsorción, contaminación, aguaResumen
La escasez de agua limpia es una problemática prioritaria, ya que los seres vivos no pueden subsistir sin ella. El agua se encuentra contaminada, principalmente, por metales pesados, compuestos inorgánicos y orgánicos, así como por colorantes, proviene en su mayoría de diversas industrias como lo son la textil, la alimenticia, entre otras. Existen diversas técnicas para remover estos contaminantes, entre ellas, el método de adsorción que, por ser flexible, de bajo costo y de fácil operación, destaca sobre las demás. Existen diversos materiales adsorbentes, no obstante, los materiales derivados del carbón tienen ciertas características idóneas para esta aplicación, como una amplia área superficial específica, distinto tamaño de poro, diversos grupos funcionales en el material, entre otros. El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica es presentar diferentes materiales adsorbentes derivados del carbón, obtenidos de diversas fuentes y con características fisicoquímicas distintas, utilizados en la remoción de colorantes, así como su capacidad de adsorción y las condiciones óptimas de trabajo.
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