Degradación de colorantes el soluciones acuosas utilizando plasma jet atmosférico
Palabras clave:
plasma jet atmosférico, degradación de colorantes, tratamiento de agua, contaminación con colorantes, industria textilResumen
Se investigó la capacidad de un plasma jet atmosférico, alimentado con aire, para degradar cinco colorantes orgánicos en soluciones acuosas. El estudio se realizó siguiendo un diseño experimental de laboratorio con réplicas por triplicado, evaluando la degradación visualmente y mediante espectrofotometría UV-Vis. Los resultados demuestran que la eficiencia de degradación está relacionada con la estructura química de los colorantes. A partir de concentraciones iniciales del orden de 5 a 10 mg/L, el verde malaquita, con una concentración inicial de 3.74 mg/L, experimentó la mayor remoción (88%), seguido por el rojo congo, con 9.92 mg/L, que tuvo una remoción del (75%) y el naranja de metilo, con 7.61 mg/L, que alcanzó una remoción del (72%). El rojo de metilo, con 5.48 mg/L, mostró una respuesta moderada (37%), mientras que el azul de metileno, con 6.38 mg/L, fue altamente resistente, con una degradación mínima de solo el 1%. El uso de aire como gas de proceso es una ventaja significativa, ya que elimina los costos asociados a gases nobles y genera simultáneamente especies reactivas de oxígeno y nitrógeno (ROS/RNS) que actúan como agentes oxidantes. Los resultados concuerdan con la literatura existente, validando el desempeño del reactor y sugiriendo que el plasma jet es una tecnología viable para el tratamiento de efluentes industriales, especialmente en las industrias textil y de curtidurías. Se realizarán estudios futuros para cuantificar la posible fotodegradación y caracterizar los subproductos.
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