Una nueva era para el tratamiento del acné: liberación controlada de medicamentos mediante biopolímeros
Palabras clave:
biopolímeros, liberación de fármacos, acné, dermatologíaResumen
El acné vulgaris afecta a 9.4 % de la población mundial con impactos físicos y psicológicos significativos. Los tratamientos convencionales presentan efectos secundarios, resistencia bacteriana y aplicaciones prolongadas que no siempre son eficaces. Este artículo explora el uso de biopolímeros en sistemas de liberación transdérmica como alternativa innovadora para el tratamiento de afecciones dermatológicas, con énfasis en el acné. Se analizan cinco biopolímeros principales (quitosano, alginato, gelatina, nanocelulosa y colágeno), destacando su biocompatibilidad, biodegradabilidad y su capacidad para formar matrices inteligentes para la liberación controlada de fármacos. Estas matrices permiten una liberación dual de principios activos, combinando una acción rápida y sostenida contra Cutibacterium acnes. Además, se examinan la estructura cutánea, las vías de penetración y los métodos de liberación. Actualmente, persisten desafíos en el escalamiento industrial, la estabilidad de las formulaciones y la regulación. El futuro radica en la integración de biopolímeros, nanotecnología y medicina personalizada, lo que posiciona a estos sistemas como una revolución prometedora en la dermatología moderna.
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