Nutritional support in critical patients in the Intensive Care Unit.

Abstract

Nutritional support (NS) refers to the provision of nutrients

enterally or parenterally with the purpose of maintaining an

adequate nutritional status in critically ill patients in whom

normal nutrition is not possible. The patient who is admitted

to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) presents an alteration in a

vital organ and various metabolic disorders that lead to

requiring more energy and protein, deterioration of the

immune system, body composition and gastrointestinal

function. Nutritional support is administered to patients by

nursing staff. A systematic review was carried out with the

methodology of Holly Salmond and Saimbert, the eligibility

criteria were applied, which were with the PIO question

(Problem, Intervention and Results). With a bibliographic

search analysis period it was during the year 2022. The

PRISMA methodology was applied. This study identifies that

the nutritional support of patients in critical condition is very

important for the favorable evolution of their health status,

starting early as an added treatment. To date, there is no

general caloric contribution for patients in critical condition.

serious since very important parameters such as the

pathology and the general state of health of the patient have

to be evaluated; However, the route of administration is one

of the variables since both require specific nursing care in

administration.