Typical AV reentry paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (AVNRT): new diagnostic methods; a case analysis

Abstract

Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia is a type of arrhythmia with clinical manifestations such as sudden-onset and sudden-termination tachycardia upon positional changes. This condition presents with symptoms such as vertigo, syncope, diaphoresis, precordial pain, and an increase in heart rate exceeding 150 BPM, in this case reaching up to 269 BPM.
The primary cause of this arrhythmia is a pathway that reenters the AV node, which typically disrupts the electrical flow, producing an abnormal cycle. This condition is diagnosed through a 12-lead electrocardiogram performed during the arrhythmic episode.
Non-pharmacological treatment options include Valsalva maneuvers, which naturally attempt to lower the heart rate. If unsuccessful, the use of adenosine is indicated as the first-line pharmacological treatment. In some chronic cases, indefinite pharmacological treatment or interruption of the affected electrical circuit through cardiac ablation may be warranted