The ultra-processed foods intake on the health of Mexican women

Abstract

In recent decades, Mexico has seen a significant shift towards the Western diet and an increase in obesity prevalence. This dietary trend is characterized by the incorporation of ultra-processed foods, which are industrial formulations comprising five or more ingredients, high in calories, and rich in sugars and fats. In addition, there has been a decline in the consumption of fresh foods that are rich in fiber, vitamins, minerals, and proteins. According to the 2018 and 2022 National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT), women are more likely to develop obesity than men. During reproductive age, women are exposed to various factors such as social, hormonal, lifestyle, and stress that contribute to the development of obesity by modifying their food choices and visceral fat distribution. Obesity before and during pregnancy is linked to metabolic diseases that may compromise maternal and fetal health. At present, Mexico is implementing measures to reduce the consumption and sale of ultra-processed foods. It is expected that the impact of these initiatives on the prevalence of obesity will be noticeable by 2025.