Bio-Pots: Innovación de macetas biodegradables, basado en un modelo de negocio en economía circular
Palabras clave:
Degradables, Economía circular, Economía social y solidaria, Innovación, Sostenibilidad.Resumen
La creciente problemática ambiental derivada del uso de plásticos en la horticultura y la proliferación del lirio acuático en cuerpos de agua demanda alternativas sostenibles e innovadoras. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo diseñar y evaluar la viabilidad de macetas degradables elaboradas a partir de residuos vegetales como rizoma de plátano (Musa paradisiaca), corteza de cuajilote (Parmentiera aculeata) y lirio acuático (Eichhornia crassipes), bajo el proyecto denominado Bio-Pots. La investigación se desarrolló mediante un enfoque experimental-descriptivo, que incluyó la recolección, procesamiento y mezcla de las materias primas, así como pruebas de resistencia mecánica, permeabilidad y tiempo de degradación en suelo controlado. Los resultados preliminares mostraron que las macetas elaboradas con una proporción equilibrada de 40% rizoma de plátano, 35% lirio acuático y 25% corteza de cuajilote alcanzaron un tiempo de degradación de 6 a 8 meses, lo que representa una alternativa eficiente frente a los 500 años de persistencia de las macetas de polipropileno. Asimismo, las pruebas de resistencia indicaron que el producto soporta hasta 1 kg de peso, suficiente para cultivos ornamentales y de trasplante agrícola. En términos de permeabilidad, se observó un mejor drenaje del sustrato sin comprometer la retención de humedad. Estas características convierten a Bio-Pots en un producto con alto potencial de aplicación en la industria viverista, agrícola y ornamental, ofreciendo una solución que une sostenibilidad, economía circular social y solidaria, aprovechamiento de especies invasoras. Se concluye que la innovación no solo reduce la contaminación plástica y el impacto de plantas invasoras, sino que también puede generar oportunidades económicas para comunidades rurales mediante la gestión de residuos vegetales.
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