Determinación de fenoles y flavonoides totales, capacidad antioxidante y análisis proximal de semilla de Carica papaya y Citrullus lanatus
Palabras clave:
Análisis químico proximal, Antioxidantes, Compuestos fenólicos, Semillas.Resumen
La papaya (Carica papaya) y sandía (Citrullus lanatus) son frutas cuya pulpa se ingiere, mientras que sus semillas son desechadas, sin considerar que son fuente de nutrientes y de antioxidantes. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue extraer y cuantificar compuestos fenólicos totales, flavonoides totales, evaluación de la capacidad antioxidante y análisis químico proximal de dichas semillas. La capacidad antioxidante se determinó por los métodos de inhibición del radical (1,1-difenil-2-picrilhidrazilo) DPPH• y (2,2’-azino- bis- 3-etilbenzotiazolina -6- ácido sulfónico) ABTS•+, se cuantificó el contenido fenólico y flavonoides por el método Folin Ciocalteu y tricloruro de aluminio respectivamente, el análisis proximal mediante las técnicas de la Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Los resultados mostraron que el extracto de semilla de sandía presentó el mayor contenido de compuestos fenólicos totales (22.83 mg EAG/g) y de compuestos flavonoides totales (105.94 mg EQ/g), así como una mejor capacidad antioxidante directamente relacionada con el contenido de compuestos fenólicos totales. Además, el análisis proximal indicó que la semilla de sandía es fuente importante de grasa (45.76%), la de papaya de fibra (26%), ambas de proteínas (31.73% sandía, 26.45% papaya) y de compuestos fenólicos y flavonoides totales con capacidad antioxidante considerándose a ambas semillas como un ingrediente funcional fuente de nutrientes y de compuestos bioactivos para ser utilizados como ingrediente alimentario y en la industria farmacéutica y cosmética, contribuyendo a que no sean fuentes de desecho que dañen el medio ambiente.
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