Síntesis y caracterización de magnetita dopada con lantano y su aplicación fotocatalítica en la degradación de naranja de metilo.
Palabras clave:
Coprecipitación química, Magnetita, Naranja de metilo, Nanopartículas, FotocatálisisResumen
En este trabajo se estudiaron las propiedades estructurales, morfológicas, magnéticas y fotocatalíticas de nanopartículas de magnetita dopadas con lantano. Las nanopartículas magnéticas de fórmula general LaxFe3-xO4, (donde x = 0.0, 0.2, y 0.4%mol) fueron sintetizadas por coprecipitación química inversa. Los estudios por difracción de rayos X muestran que las nanopartículas tienen una estructura cristalina cúbica del tipo espinela inversa y que los picos de difracción presentan un desplazamiento hacia ángulos 2θ menores, lo que indica el dopaje de las mismas. Los estudios de magnetometría de muestra vibrante muestran que las nanopartículas presentan un comportamiento cercano al superparamagnético; la magnetita sin dopar presentó una magnetización de saturación de 61.80 emu/g, que disminuye en relación a la cantidad de dopaje hasta 28.56 emu/g. De acuerdo al análisis morfológico mediante microscopía electrónica de transmisión, las nanopartículas sintetizadas presentan una forma semiesférica con un rango de tamaño entre 6-16 nm para la magnetita sin dopar y una morfología irregular y tamaños entre 12-36 nm para la magnetita dopada. Los estudios de fotocatálisis mostraron que las nanopartículas de magnetita dopada con lantano lograron degradar el naranja de metilo hasta un 85% en 120 min de tratamiento.
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